{"id":32221,"date":"2023-10-18T09:58:17","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T07:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/commencer-une-collection\/"},"modified":"2024-10-11T11:23:54","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T09:23:54","slug":"decouvrir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/decouvrir\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9couvrir"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"32221\" class=\"elementor elementor-32221 elementor-29008\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-34d97fa animated-slow e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"815\" data-id=\"34d97fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22b5411 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22b5411\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u00e9couvrez le monde raffin\u00e9 <\/br> de la NUMISMATIQUE<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-77fe98e e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"5796\" data-id=\"77fe98e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-115e528 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"115e528\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u2019art de collectionner la monnaie <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-21d3917 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"82761\" data-id=\"21d3917\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-e85cbba e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"68220\" data-id=\"e85cbba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f73e38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f73e38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">UN ART PRESTIGIEUX ET NOBLE AU FIL DES SI\u00c8CLES<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d43524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d43524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>La culture <\/strong>classique et la connaissance de l&rsquo;histoire \u00e9tait autrefois l&rsquo;apanage du parfait gentleman. Jean Warin, graveur des <strong>rois de France<\/strong>, initia le jeune <strong>Louis XIV<\/strong> \u00e0 la beaut\u00e9 de la <strong>numismatique<\/strong> et \u00e0 la collection de monnaies prestigieuses.<\/p><p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, si les monarques ont c\u00e9d\u00e9 la place aux collectionneurs, aux humanistes et aux amateurs d&rsquo;art, les monnaies conservent toujours leur charme enchanteur et leur aura de myst\u00e8re. Elles nous d\u00e9voilent les croyances anciennes et offrent <strong>une iconographie riche et vari\u00e9e<\/strong>. Les amateurs seront s\u00e9duits par la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de portraits d\u2019hommes et de femmes illustres, les repr\u00e9sentations de divinit\u00e9s, d\u2019animaux ou de monuments.<\/p><p>En collectionnant et en \u00e9tudiant les <strong>monnaies<\/strong>, les passionn\u00e9s de numismatique transmettent et pr\u00e9servent l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage des grandes personnalit\u00e9s qui ont fait notre monde. R\u00e9unir une <strong>collection<\/strong> numismatique, c&rsquo;est entreprendre un voyage \u00e0 travers le temps, une exploration artistique et historique immortalis\u00e9e par les ma\u00eetres du pass\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-8ec9a4d e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"86571\" data-id=\"8ec9a4d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c486e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1c486e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-0e50c56 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"43442\" data-id=\"0e50c56\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-608d69e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"608d69e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\"Des mots et des monnaies\", SAVIEZ-VOUS QUE\u2026<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d2db6a elementor-testimonial--skin-default elementor-testimonial--layout-image_inline elementor-testimonial--align-center elementor-arrows-yes elementor-pagination-type-bullets elementor-widget elementor-widget-testimonial-carousel\" data-id=\"4d2db6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;show_arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pagination&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;space_between&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_widescreen&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;space_between_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"testimonial-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-main-swiper swiper-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLe terme \u00ab pactole \u00bb, utilis\u00e9 aujourd\u2019hui pour d\u00e9signer une importante somme d\u2019argent, tire son origine du fleuve Pactole d\u2019Asie Mineure dont les alluvions sont riches en paillettes d\u2019\u00e9lectrum (alliage naturel d\u2019or et d\u2019argent)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-testimonial__cite\"><span class=\"elementor-testimonial__name\">Le Pactole<\/span><\/cite>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLe mot \u00ab p\u00e9cule \u00bb vient du latin \u00ab pecus \u00bb qui signifie \u00ab b\u00e9tail \u00bb. En effet, avant l\u2019apparition de la monnaie les peuples italiques pratiquaient le troc, le plus souvent avec des animaux.\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-testimonial__cite\"><span class=\"elementor-testimonial__name\">P\u00e9cule<\/span><\/cite>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCr\u00e9sus (560-546 av. J.-C.) est le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre des rois de Lydie. Sa capitale Sarde se trouvait au bord du fleuve Pactole, riche en gisement aurif\u00e8res. \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-testimonial__cite\"><span class=\"elementor-testimonial__name\">Riche comme Cr\u00e9sus<\/span><\/cite>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tUne monnaie \u00e9tait dite \u00ab sonnante et tr\u00e9buchante \u00bb lorsqu\u2019elle rendait un son clair \u2013 ce qui garantissait la qualit\u00e9 du m\u00e9tal \u2013 et que son poids v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une balance de pr\u00e9cision \u2013 le \u00ab tr\u00e9buchet \u00bb - \u00e9tait correct. Une monnaie \u00ab sonnante et tr\u00e9buchante \u00bb est donc une monnaie de qualit\u00e9. \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial__footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-testimonial__cite\"><span class=\"elementor-testimonial__name\">Sonnante et tr\u00e9buchante<\/span><\/cite>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Suivant<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-9587714 animated-slow e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"50231\" data-id=\"9587714\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d904612 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d904612\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">classification<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-5169ab8 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"60955\" data-id=\"5169ab8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-8884ea1 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"69789\" data-id=\"8884ea1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cb6278 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1cb6278\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-5c805f0 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"2358\" data-id=\"5c805f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42020f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"42020f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde Grec<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bf0e12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bf0e12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Du merveilleux mythologique aux conqu\u00eates d\u2019Alexandre le grand<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-24ee8fd e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"39417\" data-id=\"24ee8fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bf70e6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9bf70e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"586\" height=\"708\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00102.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34951\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00102.png 586w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00102-248x300.png 248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 586px) 100vw, 586px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-664d0bb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"664d0bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"846\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/06r-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34194\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/06r-1.png 830w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/06r-1-284x300.png 284w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/06r-1-768x812.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69e7ff2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"69e7ff2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"793\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1-1024x1015.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32753\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1-1024x1015.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1-768x761.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00014r00-1-1.png 1289w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3be9486 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3be9486\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les premi\u00e8res \u00e9missions mon\u00e9taires virent le jour en Asie Mineure (Turquie actuelle), vers 650 av. J.-C. et se pr\u00e9sentaient sous forme de globules <strong>d\u2019\u00e9lectrum<\/strong> (m\u00e9lange d\u2019argent et d\u2019or). C\u2019est le dernier roi de Lydie, Cr\u00e9sus (vers 560-546 avant J.-C.) qui fut le premier \u00e0 s\u00e9parer les deux m\u00e9taux et \u00e0 frapper des pi\u00e8ces <strong>d\u2019argent<\/strong> et <strong>d\u2019or<\/strong> introduisant ainsi le bim\u00e9tallisme.<\/p>\n<p>La meilleure p\u00e9riode du monnayage des cit\u00e9s grecques se situe entre 500 et 350 avant J.-C., lorsque les artistes ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 les plus belles monnaies jamais r\u00e9alis\u00e9es, si belles que certains empereurs romains, quelques centaines d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es plus tard, ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 les collectionner.<\/p>\n<p>La plupart des pi\u00e8ces grecques repr\u00e9sentent des divinit\u00e9s, des h\u00e9ros, ou des animaux, symboles des cit\u00e9s (la chouette pour Ath\u00e8nes, le crabe pour Agrigente\u2026).<\/p>\n<p>La <strong>monnaie<\/strong> de type <strong>grec<\/strong> se r\u00e9pandit de l\u2019Afrique du Nord \u00e0 l\u2019Inde suite aux conqu\u00eates d&rsquo;Alexandre le Grand (336-323 avant J.-C.) et si le conqu\u00e9rant ne c\u00e9da pas \u00e0 la tentation de se faire repr\u00e9senter sur ses monnaies, ses successeurs n\u2019eurent pas ce scrupule. Ses g\u00e9n\u00e9raux cr\u00e9\u00e8rent des dynasties dont certains membres ne nous sont connus que par leurs monnaies.<\/p>\n<p>La quasi-totalit\u00e9 des monnaies grecques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 grav\u00e9es dans l&rsquo;anonymat par des artistes de g\u00e9nie. D\u00e8s lors, combien nous sont pr\u00e9cieuses les rares \u0153uvres sign\u00e9es par <strong>les graveurs de Syracuse, Kimon, Eukleidas et Evainetos<\/strong>, v\u00e9ritables figures embl\u00e9matiques de l&rsquo;histoire de la monnaie !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-bb1a00d e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"66734\" data-id=\"bb1a00d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-433bcdb e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"57546\" data-id=\"433bcdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5fe9c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f5fe9c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde celtique <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd8e690 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dd8e690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Des profondes for\u00eats de la Gaule \u00e0 l\u2019art moderne\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-cfed18f e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"12696\" data-id=\"cfed18f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ebfb14 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9ebfb14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"794\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/6r-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32755\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/6r-1.png 844w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/6r-1-300x298.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/6r-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/6r-1-768x763.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fc980f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2fc980f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"796\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00103.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34954\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00103.png 846w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00103-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00103-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00103-768x764.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00cf316 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00cf316\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"432\" height=\"424\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00001.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34956\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00001.png 432w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00001-300x294.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44a81ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44a81ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Les premi\u00e8res monnaies<\/strong> \u00e0 circuler dans le monde celte sont celles de Philippe II de Mac\u00e9doine (359-336 avant J.-C.) et de ses successeurs. Les premiers graveurs celtes s\u2019en inspir\u00e8rent avant de cr\u00e9er librement des motifs complexes, comprenant des formes g\u00e9om\u00e9triques, des entrelacs et des spirales. Ces <strong>motifs<\/strong>, puisant leur inspiration dans la nature et la mythologie celte, t\u00e9moignent d&rsquo;un sens <strong>esth\u00e9tique<\/strong> raffin\u00e9 et d&rsquo;une riche tradition culturelle. Gr\u00e2ce aux monnaies, l\u2019art celte fut red\u00e9couvert au milieu du XX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle et influen\u00e7a profond\u00e9ment l\u2019<strong>art moderne<\/strong>, notamment pictural.<\/p><p><strong>Picasso<\/strong>, notamment dans ses <strong>\u0153uvres cubistes<\/strong>, utilisait lui aussi des symboles puissants et des formes simplifi\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame pour exprimer des id\u00e9es complexes, repr\u00e9sentant des figures humaines ou des objets du quotidien m\u00e9tamorphos\u00e9s. Il est int\u00e9ressant de tracer des parall\u00e8les entre les \u0153uvres de <strong>grands artistes<\/strong> comme lui et <strong>l&rsquo;art<\/strong> celte, notamment en ce qui concerne l&rsquo;aptitude \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter des images complexes dans un espace r\u00e9duit et \u00e0 transformer les formes conventionnelles pour explorer de nouvelles perspectives <strong>artistiques<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-e4e34b4 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"23515\" data-id=\"e4e34b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0b24f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e0b24f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-b9c39ab e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"39160\" data-id=\"b9c39ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-44bc8d8 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"74717\" data-id=\"44bc8d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2a6e06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f2a6e06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-de12784 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"23909\" data-id=\"de12784\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f44302 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f44302\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde romain <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55f7da2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55f7da2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un aper\u00e7u fascinant sur la vie des grandes figures de l\u2019histoire romaine<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-31c246c e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"16528\" data-id=\"31c246c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e46726b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e46726b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"707\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hadrian-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34206\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hadrian-1.png 737w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hadrian-1-300x288.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85d660a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"85d660a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"693\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/00064a00-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34208\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/00064a00-1.png 748w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/00064a00-1-300x278.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-176b24e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"176b24e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"774\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/44r00-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32766\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/44r00-1.png 998w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/44r00-1-300x290.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/44r00-1-768x743.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89c0543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"89c0543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La monnaie <strong>romaine<\/strong> remonte au tout d\u00e9but du III<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: FR-CH; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">e<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle avant notre \u00e8re. Fortement influenc\u00e9e par la monnaie grecque dans un premier temps, elle s\u2019en distancie en 211 avant J.-C. avec la cr\u00e9ation du denier d\u2019argent qui marquera profond\u00e9ment l\u2019histoire mon\u00e9taire de l\u2019occident durant des si\u00e8cles. Durant la r\u00e9publique, les motifs repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s ont principalement trait \u00e0 la mythologie et aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements marquants, telle que la conqu\u00eate des Gaules par Jules C\u00e9sar, par exemple.<\/p><p>D\u00e8s le r\u00e8gne d\u2019Auguste (27 avant J.-C. \u2013 14 apr\u00e8s J.-C.), le monnayage devient imp\u00e9rial. Avant l\u2019apparition des m\u00e9dias modernes, les monnaies repr\u00e9sentent un incontournable<strong> vecteur d\u2019information<\/strong>, car elles circulent \u00e0 travers tout l\u2019empire et m\u00eame bien au-del\u00e0 de ses fronti\u00e8res, comme en t\u00e9moignent les nombreuses monnaies romaines retrouv\u00e9es en Inde.<\/p><p>Outil de propagande, la monnaie se fait l\u2019\u00e9cho des <strong>victoires<\/strong> et des r\u00e9alisations de <strong>l\u2019empereur<\/strong> (grands chantiers, organisation des jeux du cirque et des courses de chars, distribution de bl\u00e9). Celui-ci associe fr\u00e9quemment les membres de sa famille sur ses monnaies afin de consolider sa dynastie. A travers cette immense galerie de portraits, c\u2019est \u00e9galement tout un univers de coiffures \u00e9labor\u00e9es et de modes f\u00e9minines qui s\u2019offrent \u00e0 nos yeux.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-4934398 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"92495\" data-id=\"4934398\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-3fcf395 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"60887\" data-id=\"3fcf395\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43f5f67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"43f5f67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-687dd83 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"40848\" data-id=\"687dd83\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-872eb9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"872eb9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde islamique<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e96f11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e96f11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La calligraphie, forme d'art mill\u00e9naire et son influence notable sur l'Occident<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-b8b394a e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"59201\" data-id=\"b8b394a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12e30a5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"12e30a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"795\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00100r00-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32768\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00100r00-1.png 795w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00100r00-1-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00100r00-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00100r00-1-768x761.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d88626e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d88626e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"795\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1-1024x1017.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32772\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1-1024x1017.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1-300x298.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1-768x763.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/08a00-1.png 1131w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c734f61 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c734f61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/23a00-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32770\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/23a00-1.png 780w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/23a00-1-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/23a00-1-768x501.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ed196a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ed196a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00e9es au cours du premier si\u00e8cle de l\u2019H\u00e9gire, les <strong>monnaies<\/strong> <strong>islamiques<\/strong> sont connues pour leur utilisation remarquable de la calligraphie, leur stabilit\u00e9 de poids et leur qualit\u00e9 exceptionnelle qui en ont fait l<strong>\u2019outil commercial<\/strong> privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 des marchands de l\u2019Asie centrale \u00e0 l\u2019oc\u00e9an Atlantique.<\/p>\n<p>Elles refl\u00e8tent non seulement les valeurs culturelles et religieuses de l&rsquo;Islam, mais aussi l&rsquo;importance accord\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;esth\u00e9tique et \u00e0 la beaut\u00e9 des inscriptions. Cette pratique a influenc\u00e9 <strong>l&rsquo;ornementation<\/strong> en Occident, en introduisant l\u2019art des arabesques et des compositions complexes dans l&rsquo;architecture, la d\u00e9coration et les arts appliqu\u00e9s. Ce mouvement atteindra son point culminant avec les orientalistes du XIX<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size:12.0pt;\nline-height:107%;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;\nmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-ligatures:none;mso-ansi-language:FR-CH;\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA\">\u00e8me&nbsp;<\/span><\/sup>&nbsp;si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-176f432 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"54468\" data-id=\"176f432\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-b2a8d77 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"1536\" data-id=\"b2a8d77\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bab9102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bab9102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-2e2e351 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"98189\" data-id=\"2e2e351\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b58302 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b58302\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde m\u00e9di\u00e9val<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c228800 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c228800\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Une p\u00e9riode marqu\u00e9e par le changement<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-bff5a93 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"67282\" data-id=\"bff5a93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f8cf59 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f8cf59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"718\" height=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00507-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34218\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00507-1.png 718w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00507-1-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00507-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 718px) 100vw, 718px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e17849 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0e17849\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"775\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00272-1-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34220\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00272-1-1.png 1006w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00272-1-1-300x291.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00272-1-1-768x744.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4ac112 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e4ac112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00268-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34222\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00268-1.png 1014w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00268-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00268-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/image00268-1-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97a25ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97a25ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Le moyen-\u00e2ge<\/strong> commence avec la chute de l&rsquo;Empire romain (476 apr\u00e8s J.-C.), accompagn\u00e9e d\u2019un d\u00e9clin \u00e9conomique et d\u2019une p\u00e9nurie de m\u00e9tal pr\u00e9cieux. L\u2019empereur <strong>Charlemagne<\/strong> (800-814 apr\u00e8s J.-C.) effectue une r\u00e9forme en profondeur du syst\u00e8me mon\u00e9taire et cr\u00e9e un denier <strong>d\u2019argent<\/strong> de qualit\u00e9 qui influencera le monnayage europ\u00e9en bien au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res de l\u2019empire carolingien.<\/p><p>Il faut cependant attendre le XIIIe si\u00e8cle et l&rsquo;essor consid\u00e9rable du commerce en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e pour voir r\u00e9appara\u00eetre des monnaies en <strong>or<\/strong> et de plus grandes monnaies d\u2019argent. Les premi\u00e8res \u00e0 reprendre la frappe de l\u2019or seront les riches cit\u00e9s marchandes de l\u2019Italie (Florence, Venise, G\u00eanes), bient\u00f4t suivies par la France et le reste de l\u2019Europe. Les monarques europ\u00e9ens se lancent alors dans l\u2019\u00e9mission de <strong>monnaies<\/strong> de plus en plus <strong>prestigieuses<\/strong> qui ne sont pas sans rappeler les plus grands chefs-d\u2019\u0153uvre gothiques de l\u2019\u00e9poque.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-46b00ea e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"34541\" data-id=\"46b00ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-69a8c68 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"38358\" data-id=\"69a8c68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3205486 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3205486\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le monde moderne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6feff23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6feff23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le temps des rois et des m\u00e9c\u00e8nes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-837317b e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"5970\" data-id=\"837317b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-effd6eb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"effd6eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"777\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1-1024x995.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32774\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1-1024x995.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1-300x291.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1-768x746.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1-1536x1492.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/00196a00-1.png 1606w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f7663c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8f7663c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00250.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34967\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00250.png 298w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image00250-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2ecb30 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e2ecb30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"759\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/331a00-1-1024x972.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32776\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/331a00-1-1024x972.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/331a00-1-300x285.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/331a00-1-768x729.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/331a00-1.png 1502w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfb71f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cfb71f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Au cours du XV<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: FR-CH; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">e<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, d&rsquo;importantes r\u00e9formes philosophiques, politiques et mon\u00e9taires ont lieu en Europe. Un retour au \u00ab culte de la beaut\u00e9 \u00bb est perceptible dans tous les domaines de l&rsquo;art, y compris dans la conception de la monnaie. La premi\u00e8re grande pi\u00e8ce d&rsquo;argent, le <strong>taler<\/strong>, est frapp\u00e9e en Autriche en 1486.<\/p><p>Le taler aura une influence consid\u00e9rable sur le <strong>monnayage<\/strong> de tous les pays europ\u00e9ens. En plus de sa diffusion \u00e0 travers le continent, il devient un mod\u00e8le pour la frappe des monnaies dans d&rsquo;autres parties du monde. Le taler est ainsi \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine de nombreuses pi\u00e8ces de monnaie des XVII<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: FR-CH; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">e<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0et XVIII<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: FR-CH; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">e<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cles, telles que la couronne anglaise, le daler norv\u00e9gien, le rouble russe, le ducat hollandais et le dollar am\u00e9ricain.<\/p><p>La d\u00e9couverte du <strong>Nouveau Monde<\/strong> en 1492 provoque \u00e9galement un afflux de m\u00e9taux pr\u00e9cieux en Europe, permettant ainsi aux diff\u00e9rents monarques et princes de la Renaissance de laisser libre cours \u00e0 leur go\u00fbt du <strong>luxe<\/strong> et du prestige. Cette tendance se traduit \u00e9galement par l\u2019usage de plus en plus fr\u00e9quent de frapper des m\u00e9dailles destin\u00e9es \u00e0 \u00eatre offertes aux hauts dignitaires et aux invit\u00e9s de marque.<\/p><p>La taille des nouvelles monnaies permet \u00e0 l&rsquo;artiste d&rsquo;utiliser une plus grande surface et, par cons\u00e9quent, de soigner davantage les d\u00e9tails. D\u00fcrer, Benvenuto Cellini et Pisanello figurent parmi les artistes c\u00e9l\u00e8bres qui ont grav\u00e9 des coins mon\u00e9taires.<\/p><p>Peu \u00e0 peu la monnaie devient nationale, bien que de nombreuses villes et r\u00e9gions conservent leur ind\u00e9pendance dans ce domaine. C\u2019est notamment le cas en <strong>Suisse<\/strong>, chaque canton \u00e9mettant sa propre monnaie jusqu\u2019en 1850, date \u00e0 laquelle les premi\u00e8res pi\u00e8ces f\u00e9d\u00e9rales sont \u00e9mises.<\/p><p>Par ailleurs, l\u2019usage du papier monnaie se r\u00e9pand progressivement en <strong>Europe<\/strong> d\u00e8s le XVII<sup><span lang=\"FR-CH\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: FR-CH; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">e<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, procurant un nouveau support \u00e0 l\u2019iconographie d\u2019un Occident en plein d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique et social. Aux pi\u00e8ces \u00e9mises par les \u00e9tats ind\u00e9pendants s\u2019ajoutent encore celles de leurs colonies, ce qui offre un vaste terrain de recherches aux amateurs d\u2019histoire et d\u2019exotisme.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fa2e e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"53119\" data-id=\"6f2fa2e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d3d124 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0d3d124\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-7622554 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"7971\" data-id=\"7622554\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ced2aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1ced2aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u00c9FINIR <br><br>UN OBJECTIF<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-a67bfef e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-eae-slider=\"80792\" data-id=\"a67bfef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-bb5f3b4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"65113\" data-id=\"bb5f3b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-698085a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"698085a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Laissez-nous vous guider  <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3b7bef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3b7bef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Notre <strong>\u00e9quipe d&rsquo;experts<\/strong> vous conseillera volontiers sur l&rsquo;<strong>achat et la vente de pi\u00e8ces de monnaie<\/strong>,<br \/>et vous donnera des conseils pour conserver votre <strong>collection<\/strong> en parfait \u00e9tat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-9bbf6ed animated-slow e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-eae-slider=\"84053\" data-id=\"9bbf6ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f69559 elementor-button-align-center elementor-widget__width-auto upload-form elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"5f69559\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Suivant&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Pr\\u00e9c\\u00e9dent&quot;,&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"Contact\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"32221\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"5f69559\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_3eedcc6 elementor-col-33 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_3eedcc6\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTitre\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_3eedcc6]\" id=\"form-field-field_3eedcc6\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Titre\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_e6e812a elementor-col-33 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_e6e812a\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPr\u00e9nom\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_e6e812a]\" id=\"form-field-field_e6e812a\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Pr\u00e9nom\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_499f7cb elementor-col-33 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_499f7cb\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNom de famille\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_499f7cb]\" id=\"form-field-field_499f7cb\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Nom de famille\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-33 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCourriel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Courriel\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_8fa51d8 elementor-col-33\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_8fa51d8\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tT\u00e9l\u00e9phone\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ccfef-editor-intl-input\" data-id=\"form-field-field_8fa51d8\" data-field-id=\"8fa51d8\" data-default-country=\"ch\" data-include-countries=\"\" data-exclude-countries=\"\" data-dial-code-visibility=\"show\" data-strict-mode=\"no\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_8fa51d8]\" id=\"form-field-field_8fa51d8\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"T\u00e9l\u00e9phone\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Seuls les caract\u00e8res de num\u00e9ros de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone (#, -, *, etc.) sont accept\u00e9s.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_e70b204 elementor-col-33\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_e70b204\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEntreprise\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_e70b204]\" id=\"form-field-field_e70b204\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Entreprise\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" rows=\"6\" placeholder=\"Message\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_f7d38b3 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_f7d38b3][]\" id=\"form-field-field_f7d38b3\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\" multiple=\"multiple\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[field_1689a6c]\" id=\"form-field-field_1689a6c\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm \" style=\"display:none !important;\">\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-recaptcha_v3 elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_f4766b7 elementor-col-100 recaptcha_v3-bottomleft\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field\" id=\"form-field-field_f4766b7\"><div class=\"elementor-g-recaptcha\" data-sitekey=\"6Ldc2cwpAAAAAEeQj6Su8LI2orMSrN39TbnCL0J2\" data-type=\"v3\" data-action=\"Form\" data-badge=\"bottomleft\" data-size=\"invisible\"><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"submit\" class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\" elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Soumettre<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9couvrez le monde raffin\u00e9 de la NUMISMATIQUE L\u2019art de collectionner la monnaie UN ART PRESTIGIEUX ET NOBLE AU FIL DES SI\u00c8CLES La culture classique et la connaissance de l&rsquo;histoire \u00e9tait autrefois l&rsquo;apanage du parfait gentleman. Jean Warin, graveur des rois de France, initia le jeune Louis XIV \u00e0 la beaut\u00e9 de la numismatique et \u00e0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":32176,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-32221","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32221"}],"version-history":[{"count":175,"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32221\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37062,"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/32221\/revisions\/37062"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ngsa.ch\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}